Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an infection caused by bacteria that most often infect the nose or throat. Grey-coloured patches of pus can be seen in the throat, combining to form a single mass of infection blocking the windpipe.

Without treatment, the mass of infection begins to soften and pieces break off after about a week. In about 25% of cases (generally affecting children under 4), the membrane may get so big that it completely blocks the windpipe, causing death by suffocation. The heart, nerves and kidneys are also at risk.

If enough toxin is absorbed into the body, it can damage heart muscle, leading to possible heart failure and death.

Diphtheria is a severe disease. Even with treatment, about 10% of people infected with diphtheria die.

Diphtheria is under control in Canada because of immunization, but it is important for individuals to keep up to date with immunization. Examples in other countries have proven that a decrease in immunization will allow the disease to return.

For more information on diphtheria visit the links below:

Public Health Agency of Canada

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

World Health Organization

Caring for Kids