Tetanus (lockjaw)

Tetanus is a disease caused by a toxin (or poison) that blocks normal control of nerve reflexes in the spinal column. The first symptom is usually spasm of the jaw muscles ("lockjaw") followed by painful spasms of muscles in the face, neck, chest, abdomen, arms and legs. These spasms can last up to a month. Tetanus germs exist as growing bacteria and spores; spores are found most frequently in soil, as well as in dust on the street and in homes. Tetanus spores typically enter the body through an open wound in the skin. Tetanus is not contagious, making it unique among infections. It is a severe disease; even with treatment, the death rate is 10% to 20%.

Since tetanus spores occur everywhere in our environment, vaccination is the only effective means of protection. Following the vaccine series in infancy and early childhood, booster doses every 10 years are recommended to ensure long-term protection against tetanus.

Centre for Disease Control and Prevention

Public Health Agency of Canada

World Health Organization

Caring for Kids

Immunize British Columbia